Tuesday, December 05, 2006

What's the Sanskrit for "Basic Instinct"?


I've been reading The Language Instinct, by Stephen Pinker (left) which is the standard popular work on modern linguistics. Fascinating stuff.

For example, it has been shown that any devoted mothers who read to their unborn children, or attempt to 'hothouse' their newborns by teaching them language are wasting their time. Young children have a far higher ability to acquire language than their parents. This is proved by the example of those who speak 'pidgin' dialects - languages created among a disparate group of adults who do not share a language, such as prisoners in island colonies. Pidgin dialects generally have very basic grammatical forms, and they are easy to misunderstand as a result.

But the children of pidgin-speakers make this right, by instinctively creating from nothing a far more complex version of the pidgin, with a firm but supple grammatical structure. The result of this second generation is a new language, called a creole. A creole is not in any way inferior to one of the parent languages, such as English or French. Even a single child, with pidgin-speaking parents, will develop a creole of his own.

From such evidence, Pinker and others, notably Noam Chomsky, suppose that there is an instinctive grammar built in to the human mind. They call it 'mentalese', and all languages are a translation from mentalese into the spoken word.

(I read a chapter before going to sleep the other night, and just as I was dropping off I had a remarkable experience. My mind seemed to slip into a realm of meaning without words, and I watched, at it were, random phrases and sentences forming themselves without any effort from out of this curious space. This seems to explain how we can have long conversations in dreams that are apparently full of meaning - but a meaning that is forever just out of reach. What is happening in dreams - it now seems to me - is that our unconscious mind is playing with its easy, instinctive ability to construct sentences. Whether or not there is sometimes a higher import in the dreams, I don't know. But what I caught sight of, I think, was the mechanism of language. Thank you, Mr Pinker ...)

Now, I would be unwilling to say that "mentalese" is, exactly. But it seems to me that anyone who wants to make special claims for Sanskrit as being close to some kind of "unknown tongue", the natural language of meaning, ought to be familiar with the research of Chomsky and others (I've just checked the index, and Sanskrit is not mentioned once, although Indo-European gets five references).

I'm not trying to 'have a go' here - but although Chomsky is the single most academically-cited living author, I have never heard any of this in the School. Maybe it doesn't help that he is a political dissident. I would suggest that if we are to have a Language faculty, rather than just a Sanskrit one, then we need to be abreast of the latest research, and respond to it. It would be interesting to hear whether anyone has studied modern linguistics, and if so what views have been formed.

5 comments:

Anonymous said...

Yes I read that a few years ago, it was facinating.

Two things:
Sanskrit is not mentalese. HH says that Sanskrit is not the Natural Language. This mentalese might be identified with madhyama or pasyanti, the two intermediate phases in the formation of speech described by HH, or even with the matural language.
That would need some proper research into the tantric origins of these terms (they are not in the Veda) and into Chomsky etc.

Why does the school not rate Chomsky?
Because Mr MacLaren knew nothing of linguistics and swallowed everything HH told him (or was it Jaiswal adding his pennyworth?) including a load of baloney about Sanskrit being the origin of all languages which was current in the early 19th Century but which Indians kept on for nationalistic reasons.
Because he is a scientist and not spiritual, or at least not in a way that the school finds interesting.
Because he is intellectual and the school has an anti-intellectual culture.
Because he is a leftie pinko.
Because he has a foreign sounding name. (you think i'm joking don't you?)
Because he doesn't like bombing brown people and stealing their oil.

Kevin said...

Hey roguepandit, tell us what you really feel, though!

Anonymous said...

I have never had time to read the book and the few people I know that have read it are not the sort of people who impress me as having a grasp of the issues, so I took little notice of what they said.

Furthermore the very fact that he and Chomsky are such flavours of the month for the left has tended to make me suspicious. This impression was not dispelled by an 'interview' between Chommers and Ali G that I found on Youtube and where Mr C. came over as pompous, humourless and self-important to an almost unbelievable degree.

As for the language faculty, please don't get me going. As far as I can see, there are no real scholars in the faculty, nor really in the School at large. This is because we think we have the truth already, which puts us behind almost everyone else in the field. It is called complacency, a complacency totally unmerited and which stops us even beginning to question or think. My own researches are extensive but in arcane areas. I have no time to explore modern linguistics, much as I might very well find it fascinating.

Nonetheless, you might like to read an article by Theodore Dalrymple which seems to refute many of Pinker's assumptions. Called 'The Gift of Language':

http://www.city-journal.org/html/16_4_urbanities-language.html

Kevin said...

Son of Moses,

The article hardly refutes Pinker ... it's a collection of mainly anecdotal evidence, overlaid with personal opinions. When he remarks triumphantly that Chinese people usually produce Chinese-speaking children, he underlines how little he has understood of the book.

Anonymous said...

I can't really add much to what your are all saying, but is it really true we don't have scholars?